Calender
What is a Calendar?
A calendar is a chart that shows the days, weeks, months, and years. It helps us keep track of time and important events like holidays, birthdays, and school vacations.
Key Concepts in Calendar :
1. Days of the Week:
– There are 7 days in a week:
– Monday
– Tuesday
– Wednesday
– Thursday
– Friday
– Saturday
– Sunday
– Saturday and Sunday are called the weekend.
2. Months of the Year:
– There are 12 months in a year:
– January
– February
– March
– April
– May
– June
– July
– August
– September
– October
– November
– December
3. Number of Days in Each Month:
– Some months have 30 days, and some have 31 days.
– February is special because it has 28 days in a regular year and 29 days in a leap year.
4. Leap Year:
– A leap year occurs every 4 years, and in that year, February has 29 days instead of 28.
– A year usually has 365 days, but in a leap year, it has 366 days.
5. Reading a Calendar:
– A calendar is organized in rows and columns. Each row represents a week, and each column represents a day of the week.
– Each box on the calendar shows the date (1, 2, 3, etc.) for that month.
To read time when the minutes hands is at any numbers.
Understanding the Clock:
– A clock has 12 numbers on its face, from 1 to 12.
– The minute hand tells us how many minutes have passed in an hour.
– The hour hand tells us which hour it is.
Counting Minutes:
Each number on the clock represents 5 minutes. So, when the minute hand is on a number, you can multiply that number by 5 to find the minutes.
Here’s how to count:
– 12 = 0 minutes (start of a new hour)
– 1 = 5 minutes
– 2 = 10 minutes
– 3 = 15 minutes
– 4 = 20 minutes
– 5 = 25 minutes
– 6 = 30 minutes
– 7 = 35 minutes
– 8 = 40 minutes
– 9 = 45 minutes
– 10 = 50 minutes
– 11 = 55 minutes
Example:
1. If the minute hand is on 3, it is 15 minutes past the hour.
2. If the minute hand is on 6, it is 30 minutes past the hour, or half past.
3. If the minute hand is on 9, it is 45 minutes past, or quarter to the next hour.
Step-by-Step Method:
1. Look at the minute hand (the longer hand) and see which number it’s pointing to.
2. Multiply that number by 5 to find out how many minutes have passed since the hour started.
3. Look at the hour hand (the shorter hand) to know which hour it is.
Practice Questions:
1. What time is it if the minute hand is on 4 and the hour hand is on 2?
– Answer: It is 2:20.
2. What time is it if the minute hand is on 7 and the hour hand is between 5 and 6?
– Answer: It is 5:35.
About leap year
What is a Leap Year?
A leap year is a special year that happens every 4 years. In a leap year, we add an extra day to the calendar to keep everything in sync with the Earth’s movement around the sun. Normally, a year has 365 days, but in a leap year, there are 366 days.
Why Do We Have Leap Years?
– The Earth takes about 365 and 1/4 days (365.25 days) to go around the sun once.
– We can’t have a quarter (1/4) of a day in our calendar, so we usually count 365 days in a year.
– After 4 years, those 1/4 days add up to make 1 extra day (1/4 + 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/4 = 1 full day).
– That’s why, every 4 years, we add an extra day to the calendar. This year is called a leap year!
What is the Extra Day?
– The extra day in a leap year is added to the month of February.
– Normally, February has 28 days, but in a leap year, it has 29 days.
How to Know if It’s a Leap Year?
– A year is a leap year if it can be divided exactly by 4.
– For example:
– 2020 was a leap year because 2020 ÷ 4 = 505 (a whole number).
– 2024 will also be a leap year.
How to see calender
A calendar helps us know the days, weeks, months, and years. Here’s a simple way to explain how to use and understand a calendar for class 3 students:
1. Understanding the Layout
– A calendar usually shows a month at a time.
– Each month is divided into weeks and days.
– Each day is represented by a number (1, 2, 3, etc.), which shows the date.
– At the top, you’ll see the name of the month (like January, February, etc.).
2. Days of the Week
There are 7 days in a week:
– Sunday
– Monday
– Tuesday
– Wednesday
– Thursday
– Friday
– Saturday
These days are shown in a row on the top of each week in a calendar.
3. Finding Today’s Date
– Look at the current month on the calendar.
– Find the current day of the week (e.g., if today is Thursday, find the “Thursday” column).
– Then, find the number (date) in that column that matches today. For example, if today is Thursday the 7th, look for “Thursday” and find the number “7” under it. That’s today’s date!
4. Months in a Year
There are 12 months in a year. These months are:
1. January (31 days)
2. February (28 days, or 29 days in a leap year)
3. March (31 days)
4. April (30 days)
5. May (31 days)
6. June (30 days)
7. July (31 days)
8. August (31 days)
9. September (30 days)
10. October (31 days)
11. November (30 days)
12. December (31 days)
Each month has a different number of days, so always check the bottom of the calendar to know when the month ends.
5. Weekends and Holidays
– Weekends are Saturday and Sunday. Most people don’t go to school or work on these days.
– Some calendars show special holidays or important events. These days may be highlighted or have symbols (like a star or a different color) to remind you of important dates.
6. How to Plan Using a Calendar
– You can use a calendar to plan ahead! For example, if you have an event coming up on the 15th, you can look at the calendar and count the days until that date.
– You can also see what day a special event will fall on (e.g., if your birthday is on the 20th, you can check which day of the week it will be).
Example:
Let’s say today is September 14 and you are looking at the September calendar. Look under the column for “Saturday,” and find the number 14. That’s how you know today is Saturday, September 14!