Roman numerals
Roman numerals are a special way of writing numbers using letters. Let’s learn how to write numbers from 1 to 1000 in Roman numerals.
1. Basic Roman Numerals
Here are the main symbols you need to know:
– I = 1
– V = 5
– X = 10
– L = 50
– C = 100
– D = 500
– M = 1,000
2. Combining the Symbols
Roman numerals are made by combining these symbols. Here are the two main rules:
1. Addition Rule: If a smaller number comes after a larger number, you add them together.
– Example: VI = V (5) + I (1) = 6
2. Subtraction Rule: If a smaller number comes before a larger number, you subtract the smaller one from the larger one.
– Example: IV = V (5) – I (1) = 4
3. Roman Numerals from 1 to 10
Here’s how to write the numbers 1 to 10:
– I = 1
– II = 2
– III = 3
– IV = 4
– V = 5
– VI = 6
– VII = 7
– VIII = 8
– IX = 9
– X = 10
4. Roman Numerals from 10 to 100
For numbers between 10 and 100, you use the symbols X (10), L (50), and C (100):
– X = 10
– XX = 20
– XXX = 30
– XL = 40 (subtract 10 from 50)
– L = 50
– LX = 60
– LXX = 70
– LXXX = 80
– XC = 90 (subtract 10 from 100)
– C = 100
5. Roman Numerals from 100 to 1,000
For numbers between 100 and 1,000, you use the symbols C (100), D (500), and M (1,000):
– C = 100
– CC = 200
– CCC = 300
– CD = 400 (subtract 100 from 500)
– D = 500
– DC = 600
– DCC = 700
– DCCC = 800
– CM = 900 (subtract 100 from 1,000)
– M = 1,000
6. Examples of Roman Numerals
– 144 = CXLIV
– C (100) + XL (40) + IV (4)
– 578 = DLXXVIII
– D (500) + L (50) + XX (20) + VIII (8)
– 999 = CMXCIX
– CM (900) + XC (90) + IX (9)